The Java Language: Operators

Java supports almost all standard operators from the C language. These operators also have the same precedence in Java as they do in C, as shown in the following Table.

Precedence	Operator	Operand Type	Description
1	++,--	Arithmetic	Increment and Decrement
1	+,-	Arithmetic	Unary Plus and unary Minus
1	~	Integral	Bitwise complement
1	!	Boolean	Logical Complement
1	(type)	Any	Cast
2	*,/,%	Arithmetic	Multiplication, division, remainder
3	+,-	Arithmetic	Addition and subtraction
3	+	String	String concatenation
4	<<	Integral	Left Shift
4	>>	Integral	Right shift with sign extension
4	>>>	Integral	Right shift with no extension
5	<,<=,>,>=	Arithmetic	Numeric Comparison
5	instanceof	Object	Type comparison
6	==,!=	Primitive	Equality and inequality of value
6	==, !=	Object	Equality and inequality of reference
7	&	Integral	Bitwise AND
7	&	Boolean	Boolean AND
8	^	Integral	Bitwise XOR
8	^	Boolean	Boolean XOR
9	|	Integral	Bitwise OR
9	|	Boolean	Boolean OR
10	&&	Boolean	Conditional AND
11	||	Boolean	Conditional OR
12	?:	N/A	Conditional ternary operator
13	=	Any	Assignment

We should also note that the percent (%) operator is not strictly a modulo, but a remainder, and can have a negative value. Java also adds some new operators. As we’ve seen, the + operator can be used with String values to perform string concatenation. Because all integral types in Java are signed values, the >> operator can be used to perform a right-arithmetic-shift operation with sign extension. The >>> operator treats the operand as an unsigned number and performs a right-arithmetic-shift with no sign extension. The new operator is used to create objects; we will discuss it in detail shortly.